Common idioms

Common Malay idioms and what they really mean

An idiom is a phrase you cannot translate word for word. Here are the 26 most common Malay idioms, ranked by how often you will actually meet them, each with its literal translation, real meaning, the closest English idiom where one exists, and an example sentence with an English translation, so you know what natives actually mean.

Quick answer

Common Malay idioms are everyday expressions whose meaning cannot be guessed from the individual words. For example, makan angin literally means "to eat wind" but is used to mean to go out for fresh air or take a short trip for pleasure. This free page ranks the 26 most common Malay idioms by how often you meet them, each with its literal translation, meaning, the closest English idiom where one exists, and an example sentence with an English translation.

Mode
Theme

All 26 idioms, most common first.

Idiom list verified as of August 2026.

makan angin

Literally to eat wind

Means to go out for fresh air or take a short trip for pleasure

Example Setiap petang Ahad, kami suka makan angin di tepi pantai.

Every Sunday afternoon we like to go out for a stroll by the beach.

cari makan

Literally to look for food

Means to earn a living

English idiom to put food on the table

Example Ramai penduduk kampung merantau ke bandar untuk cari makan.

Many villagers leave for the city to earn a living.

naik angin

Literally the wind rises

Means to lose one's temper

English idiom to blow one's top

Example Ayah terus naik angin apabila melihat bilik anak-anak yang berselerak itu.

Dad blew his top the moment he saw the children's messy room.

buah hati

Literally fruit of the liver

Means someone dearly loved, a sweetheart or a treasured child

English idiom the apple of one's eye

Example Cucu sulung itu memang buah hati nenek.

That eldest grandchild really is grandma's darling.

buah tangan

Literally fruit of the hand

Means a small gift or souvenir brought back from a trip

Example Jangan lupa bawa buah tangan untuk emak apabila kamu pulang dari Langkawi.

Do not forget to bring a souvenir for mum when you come back from Langkawi.

kepala batu

Literally stone head

Means stubborn, refusing to listen to advice

English idiom pig-headed

Example Memang kepala batu anak itu, sudah dinasihati berkali-kali masih degil.

That child really is pig-headed, he has been given advice again and again and is still stubborn.

campur tangan

Literally to mix hands

Means to interfere in something, especially in other people's affairs

Example Jangan campur tangan dalam urusan rumah tangga orang lain.

Do not interfere in other people's family affairs.

Note Also used neutrally in news and official language, as in campur tangan kerajaan, government intervention.

cuci mata

Literally to wash the eyes

Means to enjoy looking at something pleasant, such as scenery, shop windows or good-looking people

English idiom to feast one's eyes

Example Kami pergi ke pusat membeli-belah hujung minggu ini sekadar untuk cuci mata.

We went to the shopping mall this weekend just to window shop.

Note Playful and informal, and when it means looking at attractive people it sounds cheeky, so keep it among friends.

makan hati

Literally to eat the liver

Means to feel deeply hurt or resentful because of what someone said or did

Example Dia makan hati apabila dikritik di hadapan semua rakan sekerja.

She was deeply hurt when she was criticised in front of all her colleagues.

Note In Malay the liver (hati), not the heart, is the seat of feeling, which is why so many idioms are built on it.

kaki ayam

Literally chicken foot

Means barefoot

Example Anak-anak kampung itu berlari kaki ayam di padang selepas hujan turun.

The village children ran barefoot on the field after the rain.

Note Watch the context, because on a menu kaki ayam simply means chicken feet.

besar kepala

Literally big head

Means arrogant and conceited, especially after a bit of success

English idiom big-headed

Example Baru menang satu pertandingan, dia sudah besar kepala.

He has won just one competition and he is already big-headed.

Note Dictionaries give a second sense, stubborn and unwilling to listen, so let the context decide.

cakap besar

Literally to speak big

Means to boast, to promise far more than you can deliver

English idiom to talk big

Example Jangan cakap besar kalau kerja pun belum siap.

Do not talk big when the work is not even finished.

tebal muka

Literally thick face

Means shameless, untroubled by criticism or embarrassment

English idiom thick-skinned

Example Memang tebal muka lelaki itu, sudah ditegur berkali-kali masih buat perangai yang sama.

That man really is shameless, he has been told off many times and still behaves the same way.

kecil hati

Literally small liver

Means to feel hurt or slighted by what someone did

English idiom to take something to heart

Example Dia kecil hati kerana tidak dijemput ke majlis itu.

She felt slighted because she was not invited to the event.

otak udang

Literally shrimp brain

Means slow-witted, unable to think things through

English idiom bird-brained

Example Jangan kata orang otak udang hanya kerana dia buat satu kesilapan kecil.

Do not call someone bird-brained just because he made one small mistake.

Note A real insult, fine as a joke between close friends but rude to anyone else.

mata duitan

Literally money eyes

Means money-minded, valuing people and things only by what they are worth

Example Jangan berkahwin dengan lelaki yang mata duitan, nanti kau sendiri yang menderita.

Do not marry a man who cares only about money, or you will be the one who suffers.

banting tulang

Literally to slam down one's bones

Means to work extremely hard, usually to support a family

English idiom to work one's fingers to the bone

Example Ayah banting tulang siang malam untuk menyekolahkan kami.

Dad worked his fingers to the bone day and night to put us through school.

Note In careful writing it takes the prefix, membanting tulang.

jaga tepi kain orang

Literally to guard the edge of other people's sarong

Means to pry into other people's private affairs

English idiom to poke one's nose into other people's business

Example Sudahlah, jangan jaga tepi kain orang.

That is enough, do not poke your nose into other people's business.

Note Almost always used as a telling off, with jangan (do not) in front of it.

buah mulut

Literally fruit of the mouth

Means the thing everyone is gossiping about

English idiom the talk of the town

Example Kisah perceraian pasangan artis itu menjadi buah mulut orang ramai minggu ini.

The story of that celebrity couple's divorce is the talk of the town this week.

ada udang di sebalik batu

Literally there is a shrimp behind the rock

Means there is a hidden motive behind someone's kindness or words

English idiom to smell a rat

Example Tiba-tiba dia baik sangat dengan kita, mesti ada udang di sebalik batu.

He is suddenly being so nice to us, there must be a hidden motive.

kepala angin

Literally wind head

Means moody and unpredictable, switching mood without warning

Example Susah nak agak perangainya, memang kepala angin orangnya, kejap baik kejap marah.

His temper is hard to predict, he really is a moody sort, friendly one minute and angry the next.

gulung tikar

Literally to roll up the mat

Means to go out of business

English idiom to go bust

Example Kedai runcit itu terpaksa gulung tikar selepas dua tahun beroperasi.

That grocery shop had to close down after two years in business.

panjang tangan

Literally long hand

Means in the habit of stealing

English idiom light-fingered

Example Kedai itu memasang kamera keselamatan kerana ada pekerja yang panjang tangan.

The shop installed security cameras because one of the workers was light-fingered.

makan garam

Literally to eat salt

Means to have a great deal of life experience

English idiom to have been around the block

Example Dengarlah nasihatnya, dia sudah lama makan garam dalam perniagaan ini.

Listen to his advice, he has plenty of experience in this business.

Note Often expanded to sudah banyak makan garam, and said of someone older than you.

kaki botol

Literally bottle foot

Means a heavy drinker

Example Jiran sebelah rumah itu terkenal sebagai kaki botol.

The neighbour next door is known as a heavy drinker.

Note Kaki plus a noun labels a habitual doer (kaki judi is a gambler), and the label is always disapproving.

hangat-hangat tahi ayam

Literally warm, warm chicken droppings

Means keen at the start and then quickly losing interest

English idiom a flash in the pan

Example Azamnya untuk bersenam setiap hari hangat-hangat tahi ayam sahaja.

His resolve to exercise every day was just a flash in the pan.

Note The image is crude, but the phrase is completely ordinary and taught in schools.

How to actually learn idioms

An idiom is a phrase whose meaning is fixed by convention, not built from its words. That is why a word-for-word translation fails: Makan angin comes out as "to eat wind", which makes no sense until you know it means to go out for fresh air or take a short trip for pleasure.

Learn a few at a time, not a whole list. Pick the ones you keep running into, say them out loud in a real sentence, and you will remember them far longer than by drilling flashcards.

The most reliable way to absorb idioms is to meet them in context, again and again, in things you actually read. Parallel text and audio let you catch an idiom in a real Malay sentence and check what it means without breaking your reading. That is what reading in Lingo7 is built for.

Frequently asked questions

What are the most common idioms in Malay?

The most common Malay idioms, ranked by everyday frequency, start with makan angin, cari makan, naik angin, buah hati, buah tangan. Each one means something you could not guess from the words alone, which is exactly why learners have to meet them in context. This page lists 26 of them with meanings and example sentences.

What does "makan angin" mean in Malay?

In Malay, "makan angin" translates literally as "to eat wind", but it actually means to go out for fresh air or take a short trip for pleasure. Example: Setiap petang Ahad, kami suka makan angin di tepi pantai. ("Every Sunday afternoon we like to go out for a stroll by the beach.")

How do you say "to put food on the table" in Malay?

The Malay equivalent is "cari makan", literally "to look for food". Example: Ramai penduduk kampung merantau ke bandar untuk cari makan. ("Many villagers leave for the city to earn a living.")

What do Malay speakers call idioms and proverbs?

In Malay, an idiom is called simpulan bahasa, and a proverb is peribahasa. Malay calls a short fixed figurative phrase a simpulan bahasa, usually just two words. Peribahasa is the umbrella term for traditional sayings and also covers the longer forms such as pepatah, bidalan and perumpamaan.

Why can't you translate Malay idioms word for word?

Idioms are non-compositional: their meaning is fixed by convention, not built from the individual words. Makan angin translates literally as "to eat wind", yet it means to go out for fresh air or take a short trip for pleasure. Translate word for word and you get nonsense, so idioms have to be learned as whole units.

How do you learn Malay idioms fast?

The fastest way is to meet them in context and reuse them, not to memorize a list. Learn a handful at a time, notice them while reading and listening, and try them in your own sentences. Reading real Malay with tap-to-translate, the way Lingo7 works, turns every page into idiom practice.