Common idioms

Common Spanish idioms and what they really mean

An idiom is a phrase you cannot translate word for word. Here are the 26 most common Spanish idioms, ranked by how often you will actually meet them, each with its literal translation, real meaning, the closest English idiom where one exists, and an example sentence with an English translation, so you know what natives actually mean.

Quick answer

Common Spanish idioms are everyday expressions whose meaning cannot be guessed from the individual words. For example, echar una mano literally means "to throw a hand" but is used to mean to help someone out. This free page ranks the 26 most common Spanish idioms by how often you meet them, each with its literal translation, meaning, the closest English idiom where one exists, and an example sentence with an English translation.

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All 26 idioms, most common first.

Idiom list verified as of August 2026.

echar una mano

Literally to throw a hand

Means to help someone out

English idiom lend a hand

Example ¿Me echas una mano con las maletas?

Can you give me a hand with the suitcases?

tomar el pelo

Literally to take the hair

Means to tease someone by telling them something untrue

English idiom pull someone's leg

Example ¿Me estás tomando el pelo?

Are you pulling my leg?

meter la pata

Literally to put the paw in

Means to make an embarrassing mistake

English idiom put your foot in it

Example Metí la pata al olvidar su cumpleaños.

I put my foot in it by forgetting her birthday.

estar en las nubes

Literally to be in the clouds

Means to be distracted and not paying attention

English idiom have your head in the clouds

Example No me escuchas, siempre estás en las nubes.

You don't listen to me, you're always daydreaming.

ir al grano

Literally to go to the grain

Means to deal with the essential part of a matter without preamble

English idiom get to the point

Example Déjate de rodeos y ve al grano.

Stop going round in circles and get to the point.

no pegar ojo

Literally to not stick an eye

Means to not manage to sleep at all

English idiom not sleep a wink

Example Con el ruido de la fiesta no pegué ojo en toda la noche.

With the noise from the party I didn't sleep a wink all night.

estar hasta las narices

Literally to be up to the nostrils

Means to be completely fed up with something or someone

English idiom be fed up to the back teeth

Example Estoy hasta las narices de sus excusas.

I'm fed up to the back teeth with his excuses.

Note Informal but not offensive; the same pattern has much cruder versions, so this is the safe one to use.

costar un ojo de la cara

Literally to cost an eye of the face

Means to be very expensive

English idiom cost an arm and a leg

Example El coche nuevo me costó un ojo de la cara.

The new car cost me an arm and a leg.

ponerse las pilas

Literally to put in one's batteries

Means to start making a real effort

English idiom get your act together

Example Tienes que ponerte las pilas si quieres aprobar.

You need to get your act together if you want to pass.

estar hecho polvo

Literally to be made dust

Means to be completely exhausted or emotionally drained

English idiom be wiped out

Example Después del trabajo estoy hecho polvo.

After work I'm completely wiped out.

Note The adjective agrees with the speaker, so a woman says estoy hecha polvo.

llover a cántaros

Literally to rain in pitchers

Means to rain very heavily

English idiom rain cats and dogs

Example No salgas ahora, está lloviendo a cántaros.

Don't go out now, it's raining cats and dogs.

por si las moscas

Literally in case of the flies

Means just in case, as a precaution

Example Llévate el paraguas, por si las moscas.

Take the umbrella with you, just in case.

Note Chatty and informal; in writing or formal speech use plain por si acaso.

por los pelos

Literally by the hairs

Means only just, with almost no margin to spare

English idiom by the skin of your teeth

Example Aprobé el examen por los pelos.

I passed the exam by the skin of my teeth.

dar en el clavo

Literally to hit on the nail

Means to be exactly right about something

English idiom hit the nail on the head

Example Diste en el clavo con esa idea.

You hit the nail on the head with that idea.

tirar la toalla

Literally to throw the towel

Means to give up on something

English idiom throw in the towel

Example No tires la toalla, ya casi lo consigues.

Don't throw in the towel, you're nearly there.

ser pan comido

Literally to be eaten bread

Means to be very easy

English idiom be a piece of cake

Example El examen fue pan comido.

The exam was a piece of cake.

matar dos pájaros de un tiro

Literally to kill two birds with one shot

Means to solve two problems with a single action

English idiom kill two birds with one stone

Example Si voy en bici al trabajo mato dos pájaros de un tiro: ahorro y hago ejercicio.

If I cycle to work I kill two birds with one stone: I save money and I get some exercise.

hablar por los codos

Literally to talk through the elbows

Means to talk far too much

English idiom talk someone's ear off

Example Mi vecina habla por los codos.

My neighbour talks your ear off.

no tener pelos en la lengua

Literally to not have hairs on the tongue

Means to say exactly what you think, without softening it

English idiom not mince your words

Example Ella no tiene pelos en la lengua y dice lo que piensa.

She doesn't mince her words and says what she thinks.

hacer la vista gorda

Literally to make the fat look

Means to pretend not to notice something wrong

English idiom turn a blind eye

Example El profesor hizo la vista gorda con los que llegaron tarde.

The teacher turned a blind eye to those who arrived late.

estar como una cabra

Literally to be like a goat

Means to be completely crazy

English idiom be off your rocker

Example Ese chico está como una cabra.

That guy is off his rocker.

Note Informal and usually affectionate rather than insulting, and heard mostly in Spain.

quedarse de piedra

Literally to be left of stone

Means to be left stunned by something you hear or see

Example Me quedé de piedra al oír la noticia.

I was stunned when I heard the news.

ser uña y carne

Literally to be fingernail and flesh

Means to be inseparable, said of very close friends

English idiom be joined at the hip

Example Esos dos son uña y carne desde el colegio.

Those two have been joined at the hip since school.

irse por las ramas

Literally to go off along the branches

Means to wander off the subject instead of answering

English idiom beat about the bush

Example No te vayas por las ramas y dime qué pasó.

Stop beating about the bush and tell me what happened.

la media naranja

Literally the half orange

Means the person who is a perfect match as a partner

English idiom your other half

Example Después de tantos años, por fin encontró a su media naranja.

After all those years, he finally found his other half.

Note Warm and a little playful, used about a partner or spouse, sometimes half jokingly.

buscarle tres pies al gato

Literally to look for three feet on the cat

Means to make something needlessly complicated, or to look for problems that are not there

Example No le busques tres pies al gato, es muy sencillo.

Don't overcomplicate it, it's very simple.

Note You will also hear the older variant buscarle cinco pies al gato with the same meaning.

How to actually learn idioms

An idiom is a phrase whose meaning is fixed by convention, not built from its words. That is why a word-for-word translation fails: Echar una mano comes out as "to throw a hand", which makes no sense until you know it means to help someone out.

Learn a few at a time, not a whole list. Pick the ones you keep running into, say them out loud in a real sentence, and you will remember them far longer than by drilling flashcards.

The most reliable way to absorb idioms is to meet them in context, again and again, in things you actually read. Parallel text and audio let you catch an idiom in a real Spanish sentence and check what it means without breaking your reading. That is what reading in Lingo7 is built for.

Frequently asked questions

What are the most common idioms in Spanish?

The most common Spanish idioms, ranked by everyday frequency, start with echar una mano, tomar el pelo, meter la pata, estar en las nubes, ir al grano. Each one means something you could not guess from the words alone, which is exactly why learners have to meet them in context. This page lists 26 of them with meanings and example sentences.

What does "echar una mano" mean in Spanish?

In Spanish, "echar una mano" translates literally as "to throw a hand", but it actually means to help someone out. The closest English idiom is "lend a hand". Example: ¿Me echas una mano con las maletas? ("Can you give me a hand with the suitcases?")

How do you say "lend a hand" in Spanish?

The Spanish equivalent is "echar una mano", literally "to throw a hand". Example: ¿Me echas una mano con las maletas? ("Can you give me a hand with the suitcases?")

What do Spanish speakers call idioms and proverbs?

In Spanish, an idiom is called modismo, and a proverb is refrán. A modismo (also called a frase hecha) is a fixed expression that slots into a sentence, while a refrán is a complete saying, often rhymed, that passes on traditional advice.

Why can't you translate Spanish idioms word for word?

Idioms are non-compositional: their meaning is fixed by convention, not built from the individual words. Echar una mano translates literally as "to throw a hand", yet it means to help someone out. Translate word for word and you get nonsense, so idioms have to be learned as whole units.

How do you learn Spanish idioms fast?

The fastest way is to meet them in context and reuse them, not to memorize a list. Learn a handful at a time, notice them while reading and listening, and try them in your own sentences. Reading real Spanish with tap-to-translate, the way Lingo7 works, turns every page into idiom practice.